charles dickens

CHARLES DICKENS 
    

Charles John Huffman Dickens was born on February 7, 1812. He was the second son of John and Elizabeth Dickens. The offspring of the family increase even up to seven children, plus another son who died in infancy. The inability to manage money well by Dickens made almost always go through many economic difficulties. Charles attended school in Kent until age 10, when his family moved to London. There, Charles was not aimed at a new school. When her older sister, Fanny, was sent to the Royal Academy of Music to study piano, little Charles, 12 years old, was put to work in a factory pasting labels on bottles of shoe polish. Meanwhile, John Dickens was imprisoned in jail because of their debt, leaving a few months later under the protection of the Insolvency Act. A dispute between Charles's father and the owner of the factory where he worked with Charles finally pulls the factory, being enrolled in school. His mother, Elizabeth, tried by all means to Charles returned to work, which he never forgave. The experience factory Dickens appears repeatedly in his novels, and also left a kind of phobia is dirty. In 1827 Charles left school again, this time by choice. He found work as a trainee lawyer, but aspired to be as playwright and journalist. He learned shorthand and, little by little, Dickens managed to make a living from his writing; began writing chronicles of courts to access later to a parliamentary journalist position and finally, under the pseudonym Boz, published a series of articles inspired by the daily life of London (Sketches by Boz). In 1835 Charles Dickens married Catherine Hogarth, daughter of the director of the Morning Chronicle, the newspaper that spread, between 1836 and 1837, the saga of "The Pickwick Papers" and later "Oliver Twist" and "Nicholas Nickleby" . Charles suddenly became famous. Pickwick imitations appeared everywhere. Despite being firmly established upper-middle class, Charles still has many family problems. His father is still in debt for most of the time, even to the point of trying to borrow money using the name of his son. Charles ends up paying most of his father's debts. Charles Dickens had four children after four years of marriage, and continually forces himself to work to avoid own debts.

In the years evolved from a slight Esilo socially committed to the attitude of Oliver Twist. These early novels gave him a huge popular success and gave him some popularity among the upper class and educated, and he was received with great honor in the United States in 1872, but Charles Dickens soon disabused of American society, perceiving in it all the vices of the old continent. His criticism, reflected in a series of articles and in the novel "Martin Chuzlewit" outraged in America, and the novel marked the most notorious failure of his career in the UK.

In 1843 Charles Dickens created his own literary subgenre, Christmas stories, with "A Christmas Carol". Write one for almost every Christmas the rest of his life. After a few trips to Italy, Switzerland and France, made ​​some inroads into the theatrical and founded the Daily News, a newspaper that would have a short life. His mature stage opened with Dombey and Son (1848) novel that reached almost perfect control of resources and whose argument novelistic planned to the last detail, thus exceeding the tendency to improvising his first titles in giving free rein to their proverbial inventiveness in creating situations and characters, sometimes responsible for the lack of unity of the work.

In 1849 Charles Dickens founded Houseold Words, a weekly in which, besides disseminating texts little known authors, like his friend Wilkie Collins, published "Bleak House" and "Hard Times", two of the most successful works of its production . In Words Houseold pages also appeared several trials, almost always oriented toward social reform. In 1851 his penultimate daughter, Dora, died not even a year old.

In 1856 bought the house where he had spent his childhood, Gad's Hill Place, and soon became his residence permanente.Fue around this time that the dissatisfaction of his married life was evident. By 1856, when Charles was working on a play that he had written and was about to open, hired professional actresses for the roles they interpret his daughters and his wife, Georgina, had been playing. Frances Ternan and hired two of her daughters, Mary and Ellen. It was not long before they fall in love with Ellen Charles, although Charles tried by all means keep this relationship a secret. In 1858, he and Catherine are officially separated. Anyway, Charles Dickens was always concerned about their children. Her youngest daughter, Cathie, married Charles Collins, brother of novelist and friend of Dickens Wilkie Collins. His second son, Walter, died while in the army in India, leaving behind huge debts he had to settle his father. Charles jr. after declaring bankruptcy once, began working with his father in an old diary that Charles had begun.

Although Charles's health was poor, continued almost until his death, making series after series of readings of his work, which led him large sums of money, while satisfying the urge she had for many years to act on stage. His last reading was held on March 15, 1870, and Charles died, probably of a heart attack on 9 June that año.De accordance with the wishes expressed in his heritage, made ​​during the month prior to his death, Charles Dickens was buried in a ceremony extremely private, in Westminster abbey. Aside from his doctor and his lawyer, the only attendees were eight members of his family (his ex-wife Catherine did not attend), Wilkie Collins and John Forster, the oldest friend of Charles and literary companion.

ARGUMENTO OLIVER TWIST

The book tells the story of a poor woman, tired and pregnant is in London that there before giving birth, is collected and taken to a hospice where the child born of this. The mother was in such bad shape that dies in childbirth, the newborn child a man named Sr.Bumble (Hospice owner), having no name decided to put the little Oliver Twist, which then maintains parish, feeding and a place to sleep.

Until one day the Sr.Bumble decides to take him to work at a funeral home with a man Sr.Sowerberry, a gravedigger, but Oliver does not do very much, and returns to the hospice because of an unfortunate event.

Then he goes to London where he meets a band of thieves, led by an old Jew with a beard named Fagin, Oliver which accepts membership in the band knowing there Betsy, John Dawkins "Artful Dodger", etc.. ..

One day Fagin sends Oliver steal, and if the guy does not give the old man a good beating, because that's how he treated children without hitting them obeyed him beat up the boys, because Fagin fed them etc ...

Oliver was about to steal an old fellow and I took the Sr.Brownlow fortunately the man took them to the police, and rescued Oliver's band old Jew Fagin, Oliver thereafter falls ill and Mrs . Bedwin cared, then Oliver is happy at that time because they care about him.

Later Bill Sikes Oliver captures, then it will hurt ...

Then Fagin is hanged for committing all crimes already mentioned before and later Oliver realizes that the old Fagin is the nearest relative of this family member and then the guy gets the inheritance he had abused and pasted Sr.Brownlow continuously adopts Oliver.

England and tourist forms

ENGLAND 

England has the central and southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain, and a series of small islands of which the largest is the Isle of Wight. England is bordered on the north west Scotland and Wales. Is closer to continental Europe than anywhere else in the rest of Britain, separated from France only by 24 statute miles (52 nautical miles or 28.1 miles) from the sea.

Much of England consists of rolling hills, but is generally more mountainous in the north with a chain of mountains, the Pennines, dividing east and west. Other mountainous areas in the north and Midlands are the Lake District, North York Moors and the Peak District. The approximate dividing line between terrain types is often indicated by the line of Tees Exe. South of that line, there are larger areas of flat land, including East Anglia and the Fens, although hilly areas are the Cotswolds, Chilterns and the North and the South Downs.

The largest natural harbor in England is at Poole, in south-central coast. Some see it as the second largest port in the world after Sydney (Australia), although this fact is discussed.

tourist attractions

Sheffield is a city located in the English county of South Yorkshire. It has a beautiful park just outside which is known as the Peak District.

Wembley Arena and Wembley Stadium is a football stadium located in the city of London and the home stadium of the football team of England and will be used for football matches to be played during the Olympic Games for both men and women.

This landmark bridge in the city of London was completed in 1894 and was a challenge ingenieríapor your gateway centers, which opens when large ships have to pass.

Gateshead Millennium Bridge is a suspension bridge, curved and drawbridge that is located between the towns of Newcastle and Gateshead on the Tyne, and is an example of this type of bridge, unique in the world.

Located on the Ram River in Cambridge, famous for being considered the cradle of culture, the bridge is a replica of the Bridge of Sighs in Venice.

Anegada Island is very different from the other Virgin Islands, there are no mountains, is completely flat, Its formation is equivante the Pacific atolls surrounded by coral reefs, which make navigation a bit risky.

Richmond Park is the largest of all the Royal Parks of London. It is located near the city of Richmond, hence its name, 30 kilometers from central London, where you can see squirrels, deer, bunnies and beautiful birds.

Just an hour and a half from London, and near the southern county of Kent is Leeds Castle, a mansion located on two small islands in the river Len, over 200 hectares, is surrounded by idyllic gardens and a maze of 2,400 trees.

Stonehenge is a Neolithic monument, Cromlech type of Bronze Age located near Amesbury in Wiltshire, England, about 13km north of Salisbury.

Big Ben is the name known to the Parliament Clock Tower, located in London and the Great Bell of Westminster, the largest of the bells that are within the Tower and as part of the Great Clock Westminster.

The London Eye wheel is held by radios and resembles a huge bicycle wheel, as was depicted in a poster advertising a charity cycle race.

London is a major international business centers, and is considered one of the four "centers in charge" of the world economy (above New York, Tokyo and Paris).

The small cathedral city of Wells is located in the district of Mendip, Somerset, England. It has a beautiful cathedral, whose construction in Gothic style, lasted more than three centuries, between 1175 and 1490.

This new cable car from the city of London connects the two banks of the River Thames, opened days before the start of the London 2012 Olympic Games, but is expected to be the next big tourist center atrcción completed competencies.

The London Eye, the Ferris wheel in London, is located on the South Bank of the River Thames in Lambeth district against the County Hall. This wheel reaches a height of 135 meters, is one of the great attractions of London. In the photo, the inside of a capsule.

The Millennium Bridge in London is between Southwark and Blackfriars bridge. It is the second viaduct for pedestrians only, after the famous Tower Bridge, and joins the financial sector in London with the Tate Modern and the Globe Theatre on Bankside.

The British Museum keeps about 6 or 7 million objects from all civilizations and cultures farthest of mankind. Among the pieces include sculptures of Pakistan, the Rosetta Stone that unlocked hieroglyphics fosilisado a bird, the Archaeopteryx,

The Palm House is a greenhouse located in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. This building is Victorian. The Palm House was the first major cast iron structure erected in England, and is considered the finest example of iron and glass architecture of the time

Located in Hyde Park in central London, the Serpentine lake gets its name from its curved shape, like a snake. As a form of tourism, there are boats and elegntes solar boats crossing the lake.

Compustos famous White Cliffs of chalk, limestone sediment, white (chalk). located off the coast of Dover. Britain Albion was nicknamed these cliffs, which means white. In this aerial photograph you can see the contrast of the cliffs with pasture and water.

The Gherkin (the Gherkin), popular name that is known to the skyscraper district located on the north bank of the city of London. The tower has a height of 180 meters and stands on the former site of the Baltic Exchange building,

Wookey is a village located 2 miles west of Wells and the action of the river Axe formed these caves in the limestone hills. These caves are mainly used for diving, but also thanks to its constant temperture of 11 degrees C were used for cheddar cheese ripening and no trace of having been occupied for 50,000 years.

Flag of England

Flag of England is the Cross of St. George (heraldic blazon: Argent, a cross gules). The red cross appeared as an emblem of England during the Middle Ages and the Crusades and is one of the earliest known emblems representing England. It also represents the official coat of arms of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, and achieved the status of national flag of England during the sixteenth century.

The shield of England consists of a single red field in which there are three gold passant, lampasados ​​and armed azure.

The coat of arms of England was introduced by King Richard I during the last decade of the twelfth century, it is thought as a version of the Duchy of Normandy, whose coat is formed by two leopards. Although the figures were identical in both coats of arms in England came to regard them as lions.

Currency of England

The pound sterling (Pound sterling in English) is the currency of the United Kingdom and the Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories.

The term British pound is commonly used in less formal situations, although not an official name of the currency. The Sterling is an old English coin of sterling silver, an alloy of 92.5% silver and 7.5% copper and / or other metals, and with a mass of 1.555 grams, or 1/240 of a pound troy.

                              NATIONAL ANTHEM OF ENGLAND